精读雅思文章的正确方法

精读绝对有用，但是大多数小“烤鸭”们不是 “精读”，是“经读”——只把文中不认识的单词查 出来，今天小编给大家带来了精读雅思文章的正确方法，希望能帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

【雅思阅读提升】精读雅思文章的正确方法 这3步缺一不可

对于雅思文章的精读主要包括三个方面：对于单词词义的理解，对于句子的理解，以及对于文章结构的理解。这三个方面层层深入，紧密结合。

一、理解词义

理解词义，顾名思义即是弄清楚文中不认识的生词的具体含义。在第一遍看文章时，我们重点在于做题，所以都是快速阅读，即skim加上scan。此时若遇到生词都是根据上下文(context)去猜测词义。而精读时，对于第一遍不认识的单词要全部用字典查出意思，即刚才猜测出大概含义的词汇，并且要整理到单词本上去。当然对于这些生词考生们实际上是要区别对待的。有些比较生僻的话题词汇只要认知就好，不需要掌握具体用法，比如C9T1P1文章中A 段第六行有个单词cog, 解释为钝齿，这个单词词义特殊，且在文中跟题目没有必然联系，不影响做题，属于较生僻的词汇，看到能通过上下文推测出含义即可，不需要死记硬背。而另一些词汇，尤其是动词，要掌握它们的具体用法包括搭配，以期能在自己的写作中加以灵活运用。例如文中E段第四行有个动词addressed, 考生们掌握的都是这个单词的名词含义“地址”，虽然通过上下文不难推测出是“提出”的意思，但是该词要怎么用则需要结合字典包括文中例句更好地理解。文中说questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent,考生写作文时也可以借鉴一下，例如想表达某人提出观点，就可以说someone addressed that。此外，文中经常会出现一些同义词，考生可以将这些词整理下来，因为同义替换是雅思阅读考察的一个重点，通过对这些同义词的整理，我们不仅可以知道考试常考的同义替换，同时也能借鉴到自己的写作当中去，毕竟词语多样性是写作评分标准之一。例如文章中表示外星人时，用到的词和表达有extra- terrestrial intelligence, alien civilization, other life form等，这种类似的同义替换在雅思阅读文章中经常出现，考生们还可以精读一下剑桥真题8 Test 3 Passage 2。

二、理解句子

单词理解好了，下一步自然就是理解句子。雅思阅读中经常会出现一些长难句，而有些考生一看到这些，就立马神经紧张，不知道如何下手了。大多数长难句只是外形吓人，其实是个纸老虎。例如文章A段最后一句话It is even possible that the older civilization may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered. 乍一看，有好几个that, 看上去较复杂，但其实我们要做的事情就是提炼主干，找出主谓宾。这句话主语是it, 谓语is, that引导的是一个主语从句，一直到句尾，这样句子大意即是较老的文明也许能够将他们处理威胁的经验传播下去。而在主语从句中又出现两个threats 的并列，这两个threats的定语也值得借鉴，第一个是用to do结构做定语，而第二个threats则是用that引导的定语从句，这点符合我们写作评分标准中的句型多样化，非常值得学习。

当然不是每个句子都需要这么揣摩的，时间和精力都不允许。考生只需要将与题目相关的句子理解透彻，结构分析清晰就可以了。

三、理解文章结构

当词语句型都看懂之后，第三步就是学习研究文章结构了。西方的学术文章大体遵循总分总或者总分的结构，即introduction, main body, summary三部曲或者introduction, main body二重奏。而文章的每个段落也遵循这个结构。研究文章结构的目的是为了能从宏观上把握文章的布局特点，这样下次读雅思文章时能快速定位答案，尤其是 list of headings这个题型，同时也对于写作起到参考作用。这篇文章第一段交待了话题背景，即为什么要寻找外星生命，主题段落即B,C,D,E四段介绍了寻找外星生命的一些尝试及方法，以及可能出现的结果。而在每段内部，基本也遵循这个结构原则，例如B段，第一句即是主旨句，概括了该段的大意。理解了学术文章的写作特点，我们在今后的阅读练习中可以加以灵活运用，节约做题时间，提高解题正确率。

综上，雅思阅读的精读最主要的是对词语、句意以及文章结构进行进一步的理解和揣摩，以达到举一反三的目的，希望考生们在今后的学习考试中，能灵活运用文章中所学的知识

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

Rogue theory of smell gets a boost

1. A controversial theory of how we smell， which claims that our fine sense of odour depends on quantum mechanics， has been given the thumbs up by a team of physicists.

2. Calculations by researchers at University College London (UCL) show that the idea that we smell odour molecules by sensing their molecular vibrations makes sense in terms of the physics involved.

3. That’s still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid-1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct. But it should make other scientists take the idea more seriously.

4. “This is a big step forward，” says Turin， who has now set up his own perfume company Flexitral in Virginia. He says that since he published his theory， “it has been ignored rather than criticized.”

5. Most scientists have assumed that our sense of smell depends on receptors in the nose detecting the shape of incoming molecules， which triggers a signal to the brain. This molecular ’lock and key’ process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body’s detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for example， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.

6. But Turin argued that smell doesn’t seem to fit this picture very well. Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs. And molecules with very different structures can smell similar. Most strikingly， some molecules can smell different — to animals， if not necessarily to humans — simply because they contain different isotopes (atoms that are chemically identical but have a different mass)。

7. Turin’s explanation for these smelly facts invokes the idea that the smell signal in olfactory receptor proteins is triggered not by an odour molecule’s shape， but by its vibrations， which can enourage an electron to jump between two parts of the receptor in a quantum-mechanical process called tunnelling. This electron movement could initiate the smell signal being sent to the brain.

8. This would explain why isotopes can smell different： their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier. Turin’s mechanism， says Marshall Stoneham of the UCL team， is more like swipe-card identification than a key fitting a lock.

9. Vibration-assisted electron tunnelling can undoubtedly occur — it is used in an experimental technique for measuring molecular vibrations. “The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stoneham’s colleague， Andrew Horsfield.

10. Stoneham says that when he first heard about Turin’s idea， while Turin was himself based at UCL， “I didn’t believe it”。 But， he adds， “because it was an interesting idea， I thought I should prove it couldn’t work. I did some simple calculations， and only then began to feel Luca could be right.” Now Stoneham and his co-workers have done the job more thoroughly， in a paper soon to be published in Physical Review Letters.

11. The UCL team calculated the rates of electron hopping in a nose receptor that has an odorant molecule bound to it. This rate depends on various properties of the biomolecular system that are not known， but the researchers could estimate these parameters based on typical values for molecules of this sort.

12. The key issue is whether the hopping rate with the odorant in place is significantly greater than that without it. The calculations show that it is — which means that odour identification in this way seems theoretically possible.

13. But Horsfield stresses that that’s different from a proof of Turin’s idea. “So far things look plausible， but we need proper experimental verification. We’re beginning to think about what experiments could be performed.”

14. Meanwhile， Turin is pressing ahead with his hypothesis. “At Flexitral we have been designing odorants exclusively on the basis of their computed vibrations，” he says. “Our success rate at odorant discovery is two orders of magnitude better than the competition.” At the very least， he is putting his money where his nose is.

Questions 1-4

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1. The result of the study at UCL agrees with Turin’s theory.

2. The study at UCL could conclusively prove what Luca Turin has hypothesized.

3. Turin left his post at UCL and started his own business because his theory was ignored.

4. The molecules of alcohols and those of thiols look alike.

Questions 5-9

Complete the sentences below with words from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

5. The hypothesis that we smell by sensing the molecular vibration was made by ______.

6. Turin’s company is based in ______.

7. Most scientists believed that our nose works in the same way as our ______.

8. Different isotopes can smell different when ______ weigh differently.

9. According to Audrew Horsfield， it is still to be proved that ______ could really occur in human nose.

Question 10-12

Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

10. What’s the name of the researcher who collaborated with Stoneham?

11. What is the next step of the UCL team’s study?

12. What is the theoretical basis in designing odorants in Turin’s company?

(by Zhou Hong)

Answer Keys and Explanations

1. T 见第一段。“give sth the thumbs up”为“接受“的意思。

2. F 见第三段。 “That’s still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid- 1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct.”意即“现在尚无法证实生物物理学家Luca在九十年代中期提出的理论是否正确。”

3. NG

4. T 见第六段 “Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs.”“identical” 一词是“完全相同”的意思。这句话是说alcohols和thiols的分子结构看起来一样，但是它们的味道却相去甚远。

5. Luca Turin 文章第二，三和七段均可看出Luca的理论即人类的鼻子是通过感觉气味分子的震动来分辨气味的。

6. Virginia 见第四段。

7. tongue 见第五段 “This molecular ’lock and key’ process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body’s detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for example， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.”

8. the atoms 见第八段 “This would explain why isotopes can smell different： their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier.”

9. vibration-assisted electron tunneling 见第九段 ““The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stoneham’s colleague， Andrew Horsfield.” 句中的代词“this”指句首的“vibration-assisted electron tunneling”。

10. Andrew Horsfield 见第九段结尾。

11.proper experimental verification 见第十三段。

12.their computed vibrations 见第十四段

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